Directory

Sarah Baartman, a Khoikhoi woman, became a controversial figure after being exhibited in Europe in the 19th century. Her remains, including her skeleton and brain, were displayed in French museums until 2002 when they were repatriated to South Africa. The Saartjie Baartman Centre for Women and Children was established in her honor to empower women…

A Barye sculpture is characterized by meticulously rendered animal subjects, often imbued with dynamic energy and anatomical accuracy. The sculptor, Antoine-Louis Barye, captured the essence of wild beasts through intricate bronze sculptures, portraying their strength, agility, and encounters with nature. His works reflect his fascination with zoology and his ability to fuse Romantic and Realist…

Nestled in the heart of North Carolina, Keaton Durham holds a unique connection to the renowned artist Pablo Picasso. It all began in 1957 when Picasso visited the town and gifted a captivating painting, “Woman with a Dog,” to the Katherine Nash Durham Homestead. This legacy serves as a testament to the enduring influence of…

Carved from marble in the late 15th century, “Sleeping Cupid” is a captivating sculpture by Michelangelo that depicts the Roman god of love slumbering peacefully. With its refined details and harmonious composition, the sculpture showcases Michelangelo’s mastery of the human form and his deep understanding of mythology. Dive into the Dreamy Slumber of Michelangelo’s “Sleeping…

Donatello’s “Judith and Holofernes” is an iconic Renaissance sculpture depicting the biblical story of Judith beheading the Assyrian general Holofernes. Carved from bronze, the sculpture captures the moment of violence as Judith raises the sword, its blade poised to strike. The piece reflects Donatello’s humanist style and his mastery of anatomy, with intricate details that…

Medieval sculpture flourished in workshops, influenced by notable artists like Gislebertus and Benedetto Antelami. Romanesque sculptures depicted biblical narratives with powerful, expressive forms, while Gothic sculptures evolved towards a refined, naturalistic style with intricate details. Key techniques included carving in stone and casting in bronze. Religious themes dominated, with allegory emerging later. Patrons like the…

Michelangelo’s “Pietà” is a marble sculpture depicting the Virgin Mary holding the body of her son, Jesus Christ, after his crucifixion. Created between 1498 and 1499, the sculpture is known for its emotional intensity and realistic portrayal of the figures. It is considered one of Michelangelo’s most renowned works and a masterpiece of Renaissance art….

The flocculus is a small, paired structure in the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum. It lies posterior to the vermis and is connected to the vestibular nuclei via the flocculonodular peduncle. The flocculus is involved in vestibulo-ocular reflex, maintaining gaze stability during head movements. It helps coordinate eye movements with head movements to maintain visual…

The spino cerebellar tract, a pathway in the central nervous system, is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the spinal cord to the cerebellum. It consists of two distinct pathways: the anterior and posterior spinocerebellar tracts. The anterior tract carries conscious proprioceptive information from muscles, joints, and tendons, while the posterior tract transmits unconscious proprioceptive…

This PDF covers the cranial nerve testing, which is a crucial component of evaluating the neurological function of the head and neck. It examines the sensory and motor functions associated with the 12 cranial nerves, including smell, vision, hearing, facial expressions, swallowing, and various reflexes. The PDF provides a comprehensive guide to performing these tests…

Hypoplastic cerebellar vermis, a characteristic feature of Dandy-Walker malformation, typically presents with signs like hypotonia, ataxia, nystagmus, and intellectual disability. Neuroanatomically, it involves the underdeveloped or absent vermis in the posterior fossa, affecting the cerebellum and brainstem. Genetic factors, such as mutations in genes related to Joubert syndrome or Dandy-Walker variant, play a role. MRI…

The central tegmental tract, originating in the brainstem, plays a crucial role in reward processing and reinforcement. It projects dopamine-releasing neurons to the nucleus accumbens, a key structure in the mesolimbic pathway involved in pleasure and reinforcement. This tract also connects to the VTA and amygdala, contributing to emotional responses and addiction. Dysfunction in the…