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Pancreatic acinar metaplasia refers to the abnormal transformation of non-acinar tissues within the pancreas into acinar-like cells. This change can occur in various conditions, including chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic neoplasms. The presence of acinar metaplasia is often associated with alterations in cell morphology and expression of specific acinar cell markers, and it can serve as…

Pancreatic pseudocyst CT serves as an imaging modality for evaluating pancreatic pseudocysts, fluid-filled cavities resulting from pancreatitis. CT scans reveal the pseudocyst’s size, location, and relationship to surrounding structures. By detecting pseudocysts, CT aids in diagnosis, which is crucial due to potential complications such as bleeding, infection, and rupture. Additionally, CT assists in differential diagnosis…

The provided text does not contain information on whether nervous tissue is found in the pancreas. Nervous tissue is discussed in the context of the autonomic, enteric, and neuroendocrine nervous systems, but no mention is made of the pancreas. Autonomic Nervous System: Controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. Essential Components of…

Pancreatic cancer lymphoma is a rare type of cancer that develops in the pancreas and is associated with lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system. It is often associated with chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and viral infections. The presence of these entities increases the risk of developing pancreatic cancer lymphoma, and each factor contributes…

Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare and aggressive form of pancreatic cancer that originates from pancreatic acinar cells. On CT imaging, PACC typically appears as a well-defined, hypodense mass in the pancreas. The tumor may exhibit cystic or necrotic components, and it often involves the surrounding peripancreatic fat and vessels. Distant metastases to…

Proton therapy, a precise radiation therapy technique, targets pancreatic cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Proton beams release precise energy, maximizing tumor exposure with reduced radiation dose to sensitive organs. Compared to conventional radiation, proton therapy offers potential advantages in reducing treatment-related side effects, preserving organ function, and improving overall outcomes in…

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a rare, slow-growing tumor of the pancreas. It is typically diagnosed in young women and presents with abdominal pain and a palpable mass. SPN is characterized by a solid and pseudopapillary growth pattern with low malignant potential. Imaging, including CT and MRI, is used for diagnosis, while surgical resection is…

Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is a stage of the disease where the tumor is locally advanced but may still be surgically removed with difficulty. It presents a clinical challenge as the tumor extends beyond the pancreas but without distant spread. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach, often including neoadjuvant therapy to shrink the tumor, followed by…

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma histology is predominantly characterized by ductal adenocarcinoma, exhibiting varying morphologies. Histological features include glandular differentiation, desmoplasia, and vascular invasion. Precursors like PanIN and IPMN may indicate malignant potential. Molecular profiling aids in subtyping tumors, offering insights into treatment options. Immunohistochemistry differentiates types, with unique features seen in endocrine-differentiated carcinoma. Types of Pancreatic Cancer…

Mucinous cystadenoma (MCA) is a benign cystic neoplasm of the pancreas, characterized by a proliferation of mucin-producing cells. It primarily affects middle-aged and elderly women, with a peak incidence in the sixth and seventh decades of life. The prevalence of MCA is estimated at around 1-2% of pancreatic cysts. Risk factors include certain genetic mutations,…

Combination treatment with gemcitabine and Abraxane (nab-paclitaxel) has demonstrated improved survival outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer, resulting in longer progression-free and overall survival compared to gemcitabine alone. This combination therapy targets different mechanisms of cancer cell growth and inhibition, providing a more comprehensive approach to treating this aggressive disease. Understanding Pancreatic Cancer Understanding Pancreatic…

Pancreas divisum, an anatomic variant of pancreatic ducts, is diagnosed radiologically using imaging features such as a double pancreatic duct and lack of communication between the ducts. Dorsal duct dominance, ventral duct hypoplasia, and abrupt cutoff of the ventral duct are associated findings. Understanding the implications of pancreas divisum is crucial for optimal treatment planning,…