Spinal anesthesia cesarean section is a surgical procedure used during childbirth involving the administration of an anesthetic directly into the spinal fluid to numb the lower body. It enables the mother to remain awake and alert while blocking pain sensations during the surgical delivery of the baby. This anesthetic is typically administered as a single…

Layers cesarean section (LCS) is a surgical procedure that involves making incisions through various layers of the abdomen and uterus to deliver a baby. The layers incised typically include the skin, subcutaneous tissue, rectus sheath, rectus muscle, transversalis fascia, peritoneum, uterus, and uterine lining. LCS is usually performed when vaginal delivery is not possible or…

IUD After C-Section An IUD is a highly effective, long-lasting birth control method that is inserted into the uterus. It prevents fertilization by releasing hormones or acting as a physical barrier. After a C-section, the uterus and cervix are still healing, so it’s important to consider the potential risks and benefits of IUD insertion. Proper…

A “reverse C-section,” also known as a hysterotomy, is a surgical procedure that involves reopening a previous cesarean scar in the uterus to access the abdominal cavity. This technique may be used to repair uterine defects, remove fibroids or other growths, or perform certain gynecological procedures. Unlike a standard C-section, a reverse C-section does not…

Nausea after cesarean section, termed postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), is a common complication affecting a significant number of patients. It can arise due to various factors, including the surgical procedure, anesthesia, opioids, anticholinergics, and risk factors such as female gender, history of motion sickness, and anxiety. PONV is characterized by feelings of queasiness, gagging,…

Wound dehiscence involves the separation of surgical incisions after a cesarean section. Risk factors include obesity, diabetes, malnutrition, and smoking. Nurses and wound care specialists manage wounds through debridement, closure, antibiotics, and advanced dressings. Collaboration between obstetrician-gynecologists and surgeons ensures proper care and follow-up. Scalpels, sutures, and drainage tubes are commonly used instruments. Prevention measures…

Tap Block C-Section The surgical team includes surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nurses. The procedure involves accessing the uterus through a lower abdominal incision, removing the placenta and delivering the baby. Instruments used include surgical knives, clamps, and suction devices. The tap block anesthesia numbs the abdominal area. Risks include bleeding and infection, while benefits include reduced…

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after cesarean delivery is influenced by preoperative factors like a history of motion sickness, delayed gastric emptying, and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Intraoperative factors such as uterine manipulation and the use of intraperitoneal gas increase the risk. Specific anesthetics and opioids can contribute to PONV. Effective management involves multimodal approaches,…

The classical cesarean incision, also known as the vertical midline incision, vertically divides layers of abdominal and uterine tissue from the pubic bone to the umbilicus. Its primary advantages include providing good exposure and accommodating larger infants or uterine anomalies. However, it is associated with a higher risk of uterine rupture in subsequent pregnancies, increased…

Cesarean scar pain can persist years after surgery due to scar tissue formation, adhesions, hernias, or endometriosis. Diagnosis involves physical exams and imaging. Treatment options include pain management, scar revision surgery, hernia repair, endometriosis ablation, and physiotherapy. Ongoing research investigates the causes and treatment of scar pain. Support groups and mental health counseling provide emotional…

Oral activity after a cesarean section (C-section) is influenced by factors such as the cervix’s recovery, the uterus’s changes and healing, and emotional well-being. Pain and sensitivity in the genital area may impact desire and require modifications to sexual positions. Recovery time, sitz baths, Kegel exercises, and lifestyle adjustments are crucial for promoting healing. Open…

Pruritus, severe itching after a C-section, is an uncomfortable side effect that can stem from various causes, including surgical wound irritation, hormonal changes, allergic reactions, and underlying skin conditions. It may manifest as acute, subacute, or chronic, and can be localized or generalized. Aside from the itching, it can lead to skin irritation, inflammation, and…