Circumflex artery blockage occurs when plaque builds up in the circumflex artery, which supplies blood to the left side of the heart. This blockage can reduce blood flow, leading to symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. In severe cases, circumflex artery blockage can cause a heart attack. Treatment options for circumflex…

Vertebral artery compression occurs when the vertebral arteries, which supply blood to the brain, are compressed within the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae. This can result from osteoarthritis, spinal stenosis, or traumatic injuries such as bow hunter’s syndrome. Compression can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, or stroke. Treatment typically involves reducing compression…

Vertebral artery antegrade flow refers to the normal direction of blood flow in the vertebral artery, which carries oxygenated blood from the heart up through the neck and into the brain. The vertebral artery runs through the vertebral canal, formed by the cervical vertebrae C1-C7, and enters the skull through the atlanto-occipital joint. As part…

Bilateral vertebral artery dissection is a rare but serious condition involving the tearing of the inner lining of both vertebral arteries, which supply blood to the posterior circulation of the brain. This dissection can result in a blockage or narrowing of the arteries, leading to a disruption of blood flow and potentially causing a posterior…

The superior hypophyseal artery is a small artery that supplies blood to the pituitary gland. It arises from the internal carotid artery and travels through the cavernous sinus to reach the pituitary gland. The superior hypophyseal artery is responsible for supplying the pituitary gland with oxygen and nutrients. Arterial Anatomy: The Lifeline to Your Brain…

The superior gluteal artery originates from the internal iliac artery, passing through the greater sciatic notch and above the piriformis muscle. It supplies the gluteal muscles, hip joint capsule, and other structures. The greater sciatic notch and sacrospinous ligament form a potential source of compression for the artery, leading to superior gluteal artery syndrome. Aneurysms…

An eye aneurysm is a weakened or ballooned area in the blood vessels within the eye, often affecting the retina, choroid, optic nerve, macula, or fovea. These aneurysms can be saccular (berry-shaped), fusiform (spindle-shaped), or giant, and may remain asymptomatic or cause vision changes, floaters, double vision, or light sensitivity. Diagnosis involves ophthalmoscopy, angiography, OCT,…

Femoral angiography ambulation involves walking after a femoral angiography procedure. It is typically initiated 4-6 hours post-procedure and progresses gradually from sitting up in bed to walking with assistance, and eventually independent ambulation. Ambulation helps prevent blood clots, promote wound healing, and restore mobility. Healthcare professionals closely monitor patients during ambulation and provide support and…

The radial recurrent artery, originating from the radial artery in the forearm, ascends obliquely to supply the elbow joint. Its clinical significance lies in maintaining arterial flow to the elbow region. Knowledge of its anatomy and clinical role is crucial for surgical procedures and understanding medical conditions affecting this artery. Radial Recurrent Artery: An In-Depth…

Femoral artery aneurysm is a localized enlargement of the femoral artery, a major artery supplying blood to the leg. It is a serious condition that can lead to a rupture of the artery, causing life-threatening bleeding. The most common cause of femoral artery aneurysm is atherosclerosis, a build-up of plaque in the arteries. Other risk…

The artery of Sampson, also known as the uterine artery, originates from the internal iliac artery and supplies blood to the uterus, cervix, and parametrium. It descends along the lateral aspect of the cervix to the uterosacral ligaments. The artery of Sampson is clinically significant in gynecological procedures and trauma management due to its close…

Nitinol, an alloy of nickel and titanium, is used in stents due to its unique properties of shape memory and superelasticity. Stents are medical devices placed in arteries or veins to keep them open, typically used in angioplasty procedures. They are commonly used in cardiovascular, coronary, and peripheral applications. Research organizations like NIST and universities…