The hypogastric plexus is a complex network of nerves located in the pelvis. It receives sympathetic innervation from the lumbar sympathetic chain and parasympathetic innervation from the pelvic splanchnic nerves. The hypogastric plexus innervates the pelvic organs, including the urinary bladder, rectum, uterus, and seminal vesicles. It plays a crucial role in regulating the function…

Comprehensive Guide to Superficial Cervical Plexus Nerve Block This procedure involves injecting an anesthetic into the superficial cervical plexus nerves, which supply sensation to the skin of the front and side of the neck. It is indicated for conditions such as neck pain, headache, and whiplash. The procedure begins with identifying landmarks on the neck…

The iliohypogastric nerve block is a procedure that involves injecting an anesthetic into the iliohypogastric nerve, which supplies sensation to the lower abdomen and groin. It is used to relieve pain from conditions such as chronic pelvic pain, interstitial cystitis, and vulvodynia. The procedure is performed by inserting a needle into the iliohypogastric nerve and…

An ipack nerve block is a regional anesthetic technique that targets multiple peripheral nerves in the thigh. It provides comprehensive pain relief for procedures affecting the knee and distal thigh, including knee arthroscopy, ACL reconstruction, and patellar realignment. This block is achieved by injecting local anesthetic around the femoral, obturator, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves…

Cluneal nerve block fluoroscopy is an imaging-guided procedure that involves using fluoroscopy to visualize and accurately place a needle near the cluneal nerve, which is located in the lower back. The procedure is performed using a fluoroscopy machine, local anesthetic, needle, and catheter. Different types of cluneal nerve block procedures include fluoroscopic-guided, ultrasound-guided, and landmarks-guided…

Interscalene block complications are associated with anesthesia procedures and can arise during insertion or post-injection. Immediate complications may include local anesthetic toxicity, pneumothorax, or phrenic nerve palsy. Long-term complications are rare but can include nerve damage, hematoma formation, or injection of local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space. Understanding Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Meet the Thoracic Crew:…

Superior cluneal nerve block targets the superior cluneal nerve, which innervates the upper buttock. This procedure involves injecting an anesthetic into the nerve to block pain signals. Fluoroscopic and ultrasound guidance can assist in precise needle insertion during the block. By interrupting nerve transmission, the superior cluneal nerve block provides localized pain relief in the…

Auricular nerve block is a procedure that involves injecting an anesthetic into the auricular nerve. This nerve is responsible for sensation in the outer ear and surrounding area. The block is used to relieve pain in these areas, such as pain caused by ear surgery, trauma, or herpes zoster. The injection is typically given in…

An inguinal nerve block is a procedure that involves injecting local anesthetic around the nerves in the inguinal region (groin area) to block pain signals. Ultrasound-guided inguinal nerve blocks are commonly used for surgeries such as hernia repair and vasectomy, providing effective pain relief during and after the procedure. Anatomically, the inguinal region contains the…

A popliteal nerve block involves injecting an anesthetic into the popliteal nerve, which provides sensation and motor control to the lower leg and foot. The procedure is performed in the popliteal fossa, located behind the knee and containing major blood vessels, nerves, and muscles. Popliteal nerve blocks are used to provide pain relief during surgery…

Penile nerve block is a procedure that involves injecting a local anesthetic around the nerves of the penis to block pain during surgical procedures. It is commonly used in surgeries involving the penis or urethra, such as circumcision or prostate surgery. The penile nerves are responsible for transmitting sensations, including pain and pleasure, from the…

Cluneal nerve blocks are injections of local anesthetic into the nerves that supply the skin and muscles of the buttocks and back of the thigh. They are performed to relieve pain and inflammation in these areas, typically following surgery or injury. The cluneal nerves are branches of the sacral plexus, which is a network of…