Excessive Dynamic Airway Collapse (EDAC) is a condition where the airways collapse excessively during breathing, causing shortness of breath and other respiratory problems. It can occur in different parts of the airways, including the trachea (tracheobronchomalacia) and bronchi (bronchomalacia). EDAC is often associated with conditions that weaken the airway walls, such as COPD, asthma, and…

When an advanced airway is established, it refers to the insertion of a tube or device into the trachea to provide a secure and controlled airway. This includes endotracheal tubes, tracheostomy tubes, laryngeal mask airways, and supraglottic airways. Advanced airway management ensures proper ventilation, oxygenation, and airway protection. It is employed in situations where spontaneous…

Airway obstruction following surgery is a critical complication that can impede breathing. Etiologies include laryngeal edema, tracheal stenosis, bronchospasm, and vocal cord paralysis. Signs include dyspnea, stridor, and cyanosis. Diagnosis involves physical examination, chest X-ray, spirometry, and bronchoscopy. Treatment options encompass oxygen therapy, nebulizers, bronchodilators, steroids, antibiotics, and surgical intervention. Prompt recognition and management are…

II. Essential Devices for Respiratory Support Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) is a type of ventilator that combines pressure support with a backup rate to provide tailored respiratory support. It senses the patient’s breathing patterns and adjusts the support level accordingly, aiming to reduce the work of breathing while maintaining spontaneous ventilation and optimal oxygenation. Understanding…

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) masks are used to provide respiratory support without the need for intubation. These masks are designed to be comfortable and well-fitting, reducing the risk of leaks and ensuring effective ventilation. NIV masks are typically used in the management of chronic respiratory conditions, such as COPD and sleep apnea. Healthcare Professionals Involved in…

Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) is a respiratory support technique that alternates between a high continuous positive airway pressure phase and a low pressure release phase, allowing for spontaneous breathing. This mode of ventilation is typically used in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or other conditions requiring lung protection. Medical Organizations…

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A supraglottic airway is a medical device that establishes an airway by creating a seal above the level of the vocal cords. It sits in the hypopharynx, which is the area between the tongue and the larynx. Supraglottic airways are used to provide a clear airway for patients who are unable to breathe on their…

Post-Surgery Breathing Exercises Post-surgery breathing exercises are crucial for individuals who have undergone thoracic or lung surgery. These exercises aim to promote proper ventilation, expand lung capacity, prevent atelectasis (lung collapse), and improve overall respiratory function. They involve techniques such as deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, and coughing and deep breathing exercises. By regularly practicing…

When sufficient ventilation cannot be obtained, alternative measures must be implemented to ensure indoor air quality. These may include installing air purifiers, increasing the frequency of air filter changes, or using source control methods to reduce the release of pollutants. Respiratory protection may also be necessary for workers exposed to hazardous substances. The Guardians of…

The supraglottic airway i-gel is a disposable, single-use laryngeal mask airway device designed to provide a secure airway during anesthesia and emergency situations. Its unique design, with its patented cuff and anatomical shape, conforms to the contours of the hypopharynx and supraglottic structures, creating a reliable seal and minimizing the risk of aspiration. The i-gel…

Ineffective airway clearance occurs when the body is unable to effectively remove mucus and other secretions from the respiratory tract. This can lead to airway obstruction, impaired gas exchange, and respiratory distress. Common causes include airway inflammation, bronchospasm, weakened cough, impaired swallowing, and diminished ciliary function. Clinical manifestations may include dyspnea, wheezing, coughing, adventitious breath…